The Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan was formed in September 1991 on the foundation of the Archaeological department of the Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography. This new Institute was named after A. Kh. Margulan, well-known scientist, archaeologist, historian, ethnographer, orientalist, art critic and philologist of the Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan (official foundation recognised by the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers N 496 dated 28 of August 1991). The Institute was at the head of by prof. K. Baipakov.
At present the Institute has 65 employees, including 5 Doctors of Science and 15 Candidate of Sciences. The structure of the Institute include the following groups: the Paleolithic; Bronze Age and Ancient technology; Early nomads; Ancient Art; Urbanization and Nomadic phases and the museum of Archaeology. Research includes post-graduate study and professorship.